Network cabling
A cable is a physical equipment in which information flows from one device to another, that is to its destination through a network.
NETWORK CABLING
A cable is a physical equipment in which information flows from one device to another, that is to its destination through a network. The type of cabling selected to be used in a certain network depends on factors such as the network size, the procedure to be followed and the topology.
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The Network cables are classified into the following types.
1.Coaxial cable
This type of cable consists of a single copper which is positioned in the middle. It also consists of a plastic layer which acts as an insulation agent between the center conductor and the braided metal.
Coaxial cables are able to resist activities that may cause signal interference and has the capability to handle long distance connection between network devices.
This type of cable is further classified into two types which are thick coaxial cable and thin coaxial cable. Thick coaxial cable has a maximum segment length of 500 meters maximum while thin coaxial cable has an approximate segment length of 200 meters maximum.
Thick coaxial cable is preferred by many for use since it has an extra protective plastic cover which shields the cable against environment factors such as moisture.
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2. Fiber optic cable
This type of cable is made up of a glass core which is located at the center of the cable and it contains protective layers which surround it. The cable transmits light through the glass material and hence electrical issues do not cause interference.
Fiber optic cable transmits signal over long distances and at a high speed, therefore preferred in comparison to coaxial cable.
This type of cable is classified into two types which are single mode which has a smaller diameter and multimode has a larger diameter.
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3. Shielded Twisted Pair cable. (STP)
This type of cable has a shield that protects the cable mainly from interference which occurs in electromagnetic form. Shielded Twisted Pair cable is used mainly in areas that are prone to interference or in an an environment sensitive to electrical current.
4. Unshielded Twisted Pair cable. (UTP)
This type of cable does not have a shield protecting the cable from any type of interference which may occur.
UTP cable can be further classified into the following types of cables.
CAT 1 which is used mainly in telephone industry.
CAT 3 and CAT 4 which are mainly implemented for token ring networks.
CAT 5e has recently emerged, replaced the use of CAT 5 and can be able to transmit data at a high speed.
CAT 6 supports transmission of data at a higher speed than CAT 5e and even over longer distance.
CAT 7 is made up of copper wire and has a transmission rate which is higher than that of CAT 6.
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